Polycystic kidney disease

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is the name for a range of life-threatening inherited disorders that can cause kidney failure and damage to other organs. Faulty genes cause fluid-filled cysts to develop and grow in the kidneys. This can happen at any point during childhood or adulthood and as they get bigger they cause the kidneys to enlarge – sometimes to three or four times their normal size.

 Symptoms of PKD may include any of the following:

 • Abdominal pain or tenderness 

 • Blood in the urine • Excessive urination at night

 • Flank pain on one or both sides 

 • Drowsiness 

 • Joint pain 

 • Nail abnormalities Health problems that may result from PKD include:

 • Anemia

 • Bleeding or rupture of cysts

 • Long-term (chronic) kidney disease

 • End-stage kidney disease

 • High blood pressure • Infection of liver cysts

 • Kidney stones 

 • Liver failure (mild to severe)

 • Repeated urinary tract infections 

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